A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic na gida mai kaifin ya ci gaba da shahara.Yana iya samar da koren iko ga iyali ba tare da la'akari da rana da dare da tsayayyen rafi ba.Ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana, kada ku damu game da farashin wutar lantarki mai inganci, ceton farashin wutar lantarki, kuma zai iya kare rayuwar kowane dangi mafi inganci.
A cikin yini, tsarin ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic na gida yana ɗaukar ƙarfin hasken rana kuma yana adana shi ta atomatik don lodin dare.Idan ya zo ga katsewar wutar lantarki na bazata, tsarin kuma na iya canza wutar lantarki ta gida ta atomatik a cikin lokaci don tabbatar da aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin hasken wuta da na'urorin lantarki a kowane lokaci.A lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki, fakitin baturi a tsarin ajiyar makamashi na iyali ana iya caji shi da kansa don amfani da mafi girman ƙarfin wuta ko lokacin amfani da wutar.Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da shi azaman samar da wutar lantarki na gaggawa, tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gida yana iya daidaitawa.Kudin wutar lantarki.Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic mai kaifin gida yana kama da tashar wutar lantarki ta micro-energy, wanda matsin wutar lantarki na birane bai shafe shi ba.
Alamar tambaya ta sana'a?
Wadanne sassa na irin wannan tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic mai ƙarfi ya ƙunshi gabaɗaya kuma menene ya dogara da shi?Menene rarrabuwa na tsarin adana makamashi na photovoltaic na gida?Yadda za a zabi tsarin ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic daidai na gida?
CEM “Fahimtar Na Biyu” ƙaramin ilimi
L menene tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic na gida
Tsarin wutar lantarki na gida na photovoltaic tsarin shine tsarin da ke haɗuwa da tsarin juyawa na hasken rana tare da kayan aikin ajiyar makamashi, wanda zai iya canza hasken rana zuwa makamashin da aka adana.Wannan tsarin yana ba masu amfani da gida damar samar da wutar lantarki da rana da kuma adana makamashin wutar lantarki da yawa, da kuma amfani da shi da daddare ko ƙarancin haske.
l Tsarin tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic na iyali
Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na iyali a halin yanzu ya kasu kashi biyu, daya shine tsarin grid -connected iyali makamashi tsarin ajiya, da kuma sauran shi ne cibiyar sadarwa makamashi ajiya tsarin.
Daidaita tsarin ajiyar makamashi na iyali
Ya ƙunshi mafi yawansa guda biyar, waɗanda suka haɗa da: array na batir mai rana, grid -connected inverter, tsarin sarrafa BMS, fakitin baturi, nauyin sadarwa.Tsarin yana amfani da tsarin photovoltaic da tsarin ajiyar makamashi gauraye samar da wutar lantarki.Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta gari ta kasance ta al'ada, tsarin grid na photovoltaic da ikon birni suna yin amfani da kaya;lokacin da ikon birni ya karye, tsarin ajiyar makamashi da tsarin grid na photovoltaic suna haɗuwa da wutar lantarki.Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na cibiyar sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa ya kasu kashi uku hanyoyin aiki.Misali na daya: Photovoltaic yana ba da damar ajiyar makamashi da wutar lantarki zuwa Intanet;Model 2: Photovoltaic yana ba da ajiyar makamashi da wasu amfani da wutar lantarki;Model 3: Photovoltaic yana ba da ajiyar makamashi kawai.
Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na iyali
Yana da zaman kanta, kuma babu haɗin lantarki tare da grid ɗin wutar lantarki.Sabili da haka, dukkanin tsarin baya buƙatar haɗawa zuwa mai juyawa, kuma mai ɗaukar hoto na hoto zai iya biyan bukatun.Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gidan tashi ya kasu kashi uku na aiki, yanayin 1: ajiya na hotovoltaic da wutar lantarki mai amfani (kwanakin rana);Yanayin 2: hotunan hoto da batir ajiyar makamashi suna ba masu amfani da wutar lantarki (kwanakin girgije);Yanayin 3: Ma'ajiyar makamashi: Ma'ajiyar makamashi Baturi yana ba masu amfani da wutar lantarki (da yamma da damina).
Ko yana da grid -haɗe da tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gida ko hanyar sadarwa na tsarin ajiyar makamashi daga hanyar sadarwa, mai inverter ba zai iya rabuwa ba.Mai juyawa kamar kwakwalwa da zuciya ne a cikin tsarin.
menene inverter?
Inverter wani abu ne na al'ada a cikin lantarki na lantarki, wanda zai iya canza wutar lantarki ta DC (baturi, baturi) zuwa wutar lantarki ta AC (gaba daya 220V50Hz sine ko square wave).A cikin shahararrun sharuɗɗan, inverter na'ura ce da ke canza DC (DC) zuwa wutar AC (AC).Ya ƙunshi gada inverter, sarrafa dabaru da kuma tace kewaye.Abubuwan gama gari sune diode mai gyarawa da bututun crystal.Kusan duk kayan aikin gida da kwamfutoci suna da na'urori masu gyara, waɗanda aka sanya su a cikin wutar lantarki na na'urorin lantarki.DC canje-canje sadarwa, da ake kira inverter.
l Me yasa inverter ya mamaye irin wannan matsayi mai mahimmanci?
Watsawar AC ta fi ƙarfin watsa DC, kuma ana amfani da ita sosai wajen watsa wutar lantarki.Za a iya samun ikon watsawa na halin yanzu da aka watsa akan waya ta P = I2R (madaidaicin × resistor ikon = halin yanzu).Babu shakka, ana buƙatar rage asarar makamashi don rage yawan watsawa ko juriya na waya.Saboda ƙayyadaddun farashi da fasaha, yana da wahala a rage juriya ta hanyar sadarwa (kamar wayar tagulla), don haka rage watsawa hanya ce ta musamman kuma mai inganci.Bisa ga P = IU (ikon = halin yanzu × ƙarfin lantarki, a gaskiya, tasiri mai tasiri p = IUCOS φ), juya wutar lantarki na DC zuwa wutar AC, inganta ƙarfin wutar lantarki don rage halin yanzu a cikin waya don cimma manufar ceton. makamashi.
Hakazalika, a cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na lantarki shine ikon DC, amma yawancin lodi yana buƙatar ikon AC.Akwai babban iyaka na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na DC, wanda bai dace ba don canza wutar lantarki, kuma nauyin aikace-aikacen kaya yana iyakance.Baya ga nauyin wutar lantarki na musamman, ana buƙatar amfani da inverter don canza wutar lantarki ta DC zuwa wutar AC.Inverter Photovoltaic shine zuciyar tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana.Yana fassara wutar lantarki ta DC da aka samar da kayan aikin hoto zuwa wutar AC, jigilar kayan lantarki tare da kaya na gida ko grids, kuma yana da ayyukan kariya masu alaƙa.Inverter na photovoltaic galibi ya ƙunshi na'urori masu ƙarfi, allunan kewayawa, na'urorin da'ira, masu tacewa, masu jujjuya wutar lantarki, masu canjin wuta, masu tuntuɓar juna, da kabad.A matsayin hanyar haɗin gwiwa, ci gabanta ya dogara ne akan haɓaka fasahar lantarki, fasahar na'urar semiconductor da fasahar sarrafawa ta zamani.
Rarraba na inverters
The inverter za a iya wajen kasu kashi uku masu zuwa:
1. grid - haɗa inverter
Inverter mai haɗin grid shine inverter na musamman.Baya ga canjin canjin wutar lantarki na DC, ana iya daidaita wutar lantarki ta AC tare da mita da lokacin wutar lantarki na birni.Don haka inverter yana da ikon daidaita musaya tare da wayar birni.Zane na wannan inverter shine watsa wutar da ba a yi amfani da ita ba zuwa grid ɗin wuta.Ba ya buƙatar sanye da baturi.Ana iya sanye shi da fasahar MTTP a cikin da'irar shigar da ita.
2. Bar Intanet inverter
Yawancin inverter mai sassaucin ra'ayi ana shigar da shi akan allon hasken rana, ƙaramin injin injin iska ko sauran wutar lantarki na DC, kuma wutar DC tana jujjuya zuwa wutar AC wacce za'a iya amfani da ita don samar da wutar lantarki ta gida.Yana iya amfani da makamashi daga grid ɗin wuta da baturi don kunna wutar lantarki.Domin ba shi da alaƙa da wutar lantarki na birni kuma baya buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki ta waje, ana kiranta "tashi".
The roser inverter asalin wani tsari ne da ke ba da ƙarfin baturi don gane ƙananan grid na yanki.Dangane da shigar da yanzu, shigarwar DC, shigarwar caji mai sauri, babban ƙarfin fitarwa na DC da saurin AC fitarwa, inverter na waje yana iya adana makamashi kuma ya canza shi zuwa wasu amfani.Yana amfani da ma'anar sarrafawa don daidaita yanayin shigarwa da fitarwa don tabbatar da cewa an samar da mafi kyawun aiki daga tushen hasken rana ko ƙananan masu samar da wutar lantarki, kuma an inganta ingancin makamashi ta hanyar amfani da tsattsauran raƙuman sine.
Ga na'urar inverter ta hanyar sadarwa, baturin ya zama dole ga tsarin makamashin hasken rana na cibiyar sadarwa, kuma yana adana makamashi ta cikin baturin ta yadda za'a iya amfani da shi a ƙarƙashin faɗuwar rana ko kuma ba tare da wutar lantarki ba.Mai jujjuyawar kashin baya kuma yana taimakawa rage dogaro ga grid wutar lantarki na gargajiya.Wannan dogaro yakan haifar da matsalar rashin kwanciyar hankali matsalolin makamashi wanda katsewar wutar lantarki, katsewar wutar lantarki, da kamfanonin wutar lantarki ba za su iya kawar da su ba.
Bugu da kari, mai inverter na rabuwa tare da mai kula da cajin hasken rana yana nufin cewa akwai PWM ko MPPT mai sarrafa hasken rana a cikin injin inverter na hasken rana.Masu amfani za su iya haɗa shigar da shigarwar hoto a cikin mai canza hasken rana kuma duba allon nuni na nunin inverter na hasken rana Yanayin hoto, wanda ya dace da haɗin tsarin da dubawa.Mai jujjuya ragar raga yana yin gano kansa a cikin janareta na ajiya da baturi don tabbatar da cikakken ingantaccen ƙarfin wuta.Ana amfani da shi ne don samar da wutar lantarki don wasu ayyukan zama da na kasuwanci, kuma ana amfani da ƙididdiga masu ƙarancin watt don kunna wutar lantarki na iyali.
3. Mixed inverter
Ga matasan inverter, yawanci akwai ma'anoni daban-daban guda biyu, ɗaya shine inverter na ginanniyar cajin hasken rana, ɗayan kuma inverter ne wanda ya rabu da hanyar sadarwa.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da shi don tsarin photovoltaic na cibiyar sadarwa, kuma ana iya daidaita baturin sa a hankali.
Babban aikin inverter
1. Aiki ta atomatik da aikin dakatarwa
A cikin yini, yayin da kusurwar hasken rana ke ƙaruwa a hankali, ƙarfin hasken rana kuma zai ƙaru.Tsarin photovoltaic na iya ɗaukar ƙarin makamashin hasken rana.Da zarar ƙarfin fitarwa na aikin inverter ya isa, mai inverter zai iya farawa ta atomatik.guduLokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin photovoltaic ya zama ƙarami kuma fitarwa na grid / wutar lantarki inverter shine 0 ko kusan 0, zai daina aiki kuma ya zama jihar jiran aiki.
2. Anti-Island Effect aiki
A lokacin grid na photovoltaic -haɗin da aka haɗa, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic da tsarin wutar lantarki an haɗa su zuwa grid.Lokacin da grid ɗin wutar lantarki na jama'a ba shi da kyau saboda ƙarancin wutar lantarki, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ba zai iya dakatar da aiki a lokaci ba ko cire haɗin tare da tsarin wutar lantarki.Har yanzu yana cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki.Ana kiranta tasirin tsibiri.Sakamakon tsibirin yana faruwa, kuma yana da haɗari ga tsarin photovoltaic da grids.
Inverter na grid-connected/energy storage inverter yana da da'irar kariyar tsibiri a ciki, wacce ke iya gano ƙarfin lantarki, mita da sauran bayanan wutar lantarki da za a haɗa cikin ainihin lokaci.Da zarar an sami grid na jama'a, saboda rashin daidaituwa, ana iya auna injin inverter bisa ga ma'auni daban-daban bisa ga ma'auni daban-daban.Ana yanke ƙimar a cikin daidai lokacin, dakatar da fitarwa, kuma yana ba da rahoton kuskure.
3. Matsakaicin aikin sarrafa ma'aunin wutar lantarki
Matsakaicin aikin sarrafa ma'aunin wutar lantarki shine aikin MPPT, wanda shine ainihin fasahar maɓalli na grid -connected/energistore inverter.Yana nufin ikon waƙa da iyakar ƙarfin fitarwa na ɓangaren a ainihin lokacin.
Ƙarfin fitarwa na tsarin photovoltaic zai shafi abubuwa daban-daban kuma yana cikin yanayin canji, kuma mafi kyawun ikon fitarwa yana kiyaye shi.
Ana iya bin diddigin aikin MPPT na grid/ma'ajiyar wutar lantarki a ainihin lokacin zuwa iyakar ƙarfin da bangaren zai iya fitarwa kowane lokaci.Ta hanyar tsarin gyare-gyare na hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki mai aiki (ko halin yanzu), yana matsawa kusa da mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki, matsakaicin iyakar Inganta ikon samar da wutar lantarki na tsarin photovoltaic, ta haka ne tabbatar da cewa tsarin zai iya ci gaba da aiki da inganci.
4. Smart kungiyar kirtani saka idanu aiki
Dangane da ainihin sa ido na MPPT na grid/ma'ajiyar inverter, an aiwatar da aikin gano kirtani na ƙungiyar masu hankali.Idan aka kwatanta da saka idanu na MPPT, saka idanu na ƙarfin lantarki daidai ne ga kowane igiyoyin ƙungiyar reshe.Masu amfani Za ku iya duba bayanan da ke gudana a zahiri na kowane hanya.
A halin yanzu, kayan ajiyar makamashi don masu amfani shine galibi tsarin sarrafa baturi na BMS, da kuma grid na hotovoltaic -connected inverter da inverter ajiyar makamashi.Dangane da buƙatun na sama na kayan ajiyar makamashi na iyali na sama da haɗe tare da halayen keɓewar aminci na da'irar naúrar naúrar tsarin photovoltaic, Huashengchang ya ƙaddamar da tsarin tsarin adana makamashi na hotovoltaic na gida.Inverters sun fi grid-haɗe da inverters da matasan inverters.irin.
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Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-22-2023